All stock codes associated to this product
TSEC2480URP, TS-EC2480U-RP, QN17746AR
TS-EC2480U-RP
24-bay high performance unified storage
Features
QNAP TS-EC2480U-RP, featuring the easy-to-use QTS operating system, provides a reliable and scalable NAS solution to fulfill data backup, file synchronization and remote access. The TS-EC2480U-RP is 10GbE-ready, delivers exceptional performance, and supports cross-platform file sharing, comprehensive backup solutions, iSCSI and virtualization applications, and many practical business functions, making it the ideal choice for SMBs to secure important business data. It also includes abundant multimedia applications backed by its powerful hardware specifications.
- 3,700+ MB/s throughput and 410,000+ IOPS
- Two internal cache ports and up to 4 SSDs for caching
- Scalable design, up to 912TB raw capacity
- Virtualization-ready, centralized data storage, backup, sharing and disaster recovery
QTS - Simple and efficient
Thanks to QTSs intuitive user interface, system operations of the TS-EC2480U-RP are smooth and handy. Its intelligent desktop allows you to find the desired functions quickly, create desktop shortcuts or group shortcuts, monitor important system information on a real-time basis, and open multiple application windows to run multiple tasks concurrently, bringing greater working efficiency.
Qsirch A smarter, faster way to search
Quickly and easily find documents, photos, videos, and music with Qsirch, QNAP's new built-in NAS search application lets you find what you need by real-time, natural search. Simply type in as much as you know about what you are trying to find, including bits of the file name or even words/phrases in the document, and Qsirch will display a list of matches, complete with thumbnails, as you type. Qsirch even remembers your search history so you can quickly navigate to files you've previously searched for. Qsirch is a huge productivity boost it greatly reduces the amount of time spent looking for files on the NAS so you can focus on other tasks.
Note: 2GB RAM (4GB or more RAM is recommended for optimum performance) and QTS 4.1 or newer firmware is required.
Breakthrough performance
The TS-EC2480U-RP supports 6Gbps hard drives driving over 3,700 MB/s throughput and 410,000 IOPS*. Featuring with Intel Xeon E3 v3 Quad-Core Processor and 4 GB DDR3 ECC RAM, the TS-EC2480U-RP greatly enhances efficiency of CPU-consuming tasks and serves more concurrent tasks at the same time.
Tested in QNAP Lab. Figures could vary by environment.
Test Environment
4 Client PC configurations: Intel(R) Core(TM) i7-2600 CPU, 16GB DDR3 RAM, Windows 7 professional 64-bit, Dual-port Intel X520 10GbE Server Adapter, IOMeter sequential read and write.
NAS Configuration
OCZ Vertex4 VTX4-25SAT3-128G SSDs with RAID 6 configuration, QNAP LAN-10G2T-U dual-port 10GBase-T network adapter*2
Internal cache port for IO acceleration
The TS-EC2480U-RP supports two on-board mSATA internal cache ports, and up to 4 SSDs can be used for caching. By installing mSATA flash modules (optional purchase), the IOPS performance of storage volumes can remarkably boost. It is perfect for improving overall workflow of random IOPS demanding applications such as database and virtualization. The internal cache port design reserves the space of hard drive tray for more storage capacity.
Removable motherboard drawer for easy maintenance
With the TS-EC2480U-RP's removable motherboard drawer, IT administrators have easier access in upgrading/installing components such as RAM, the internal cache and 10GbE adapter. The motherboard itself can be removed and replaced without needing to remove the heavy TS-EC2480U-RP from the rack cabinet, making it especially useful in maintaining the TS-EC2480U-RP in data centers with multiple rack cabinets.
Note: Power-off is necessary before removing the motherboard drawer. It is not hot-pluggable.
10GbE ready
The TS-EC2480U-RP offers four inbuilt Gigabit Ethernet ports and supports 10 Gigabit high speed network by installing 10GbE network adapter. The 10GbE-ready TS-EC2480U-RP delivers lightening data throughput. Coupled with the support for large storage capacity, the TS-EC2480U-RP is perfect for data centers to storage big data and excel in fast data transmission, and for editing large size videos on-the-fly without transferring the videos between the TS-EC2480U-RP and desktop computers.
Seamless capacity expansion
The TS-EC2480U-RP supports online capacity expansion by cascading multiple QNAP RAID expansion enclosures to meet the needs of growing business data. With the QNAP scale-up solution, raw storage capacity can be gradually expanded to 912TB. It is especially useful for large data applications, such as video surveillance, data archiving, and TV broadcast storage, to name few.
The maximum raw storage capacity available by connecting RAID expansion enclosures:
Turbo NAS Model |
RAID Expansion Enclosure |
No. of RAID Expansion Enclosure |
Total HDD No. (NAS + Enclosure) |
Max.RawCapacity (TB) * |
TS-EC2480U-RP |
REXP-1600U-RP |
8 |
152 |
912 |
7 |
136 |
816 |
6 |
120 |
720 |
5 |
104 |
624 |
4 |
88 |
528 |
3 |
72 |
432 |
2 |
56 |
336 |
1 |
40 |
240 |
REXP-1200U-RP |
8 |
120 |
720 |
7 |
108 |
648 |
6 |
96 |
576 |
5 |
84 |
504 |
4 |
72 |
432 |
3 |
60 |
360 |
2 |
48 |
288 |
1 |
36 |
216 |
Powerful QNAP flexible volume
QNAP flexible volume provides a more secure and flexible way to store the NAS data. This next generation volume offers powerful features such as storage pooling with multiple RAID group protection, thin provisioned volume with space reclaim, block-level iSCSI LUN, and online capacity expansion. The QTS Storage Manager neatly presents tools and options for managing system storage which simplifies the process of NAS capacity expansion and QNAP RAID expansion enclosure management.
Cross-platform file sharing, centralized data storage
The TS-EC2480U-RP supports SMB/CIFS, NFS, and AFP protocols for file sharing across Windows, Mac, Linux/UNIX networks. Data, logs and ISO image of CDs and DVDs can be centralized store in the NAS and protected by integrated antivirus solution. The Windows AD and LDAP services enable system administrators to configure user permissions by using existing Windows AD server, LDAP server or NAS build-in LDAP service.
Well-rounded backup solutions to secure data
The TS-EC2480U-RP offers well-rounded backup solutions as a reliable backup center. QNAP NetBak Replicator supports scheduled and real-time data backup on Windows OS. Mac Time Machine is also supported to provide Mac OS X users with an effortless solution to back up data to the TS-EC2480U-RP.
Disaster recovery solutions brings peace of mind
The TS-EC2480U-RP offers various data recovery options. RTRR (Real-Time Remote Replication) supports real time or scheduled data backup to a remote Turbo NAS or FTP server and synchronizes files to a remote folder from a local folder with better backup efficiency and reduced backup time. The TS-EC2480U-RP also supports rsync protocol to back up data to another remote server on scheduling basis. Besides, data can be backed up to cloud storage, such as Amazon S3, Amazon Glacier, Microsoft Azure, ElephantDrive, Symform, Dropbox and Google Cloud Storage, and restored to the TS-EC2480U-RP anytime.
Comprehensive security options
In the open network environment, business data might be exposed in potential hack. The TS-EC2480U-RP provides numerous security options, such as encrypted access, IP blocking, and so on. Besides, IT administrators can control the access rights of each user to different folders, preventing unauthorized access to important files. The TS-EC2480U-RP is validated with military level FIPS 140-2 AES 256-bit encryption, preventing the sensitive business data from unauthorized access and breach even if the hard disk drives or the entire system were stolen.
Storage for comprehensive virtualization applications
The TS-EC2480U-RP is VMware Ready, Citrix Ready, compatible with Microsoft Hyper-V certification and Windows Server 2012, benefiting flexible deployment and management in the virtualization environments. The TS-EC2480U-RP supports VMware VAAI and Microsoft ODX to increase performance by offloading server loading for ESXi and Hyper-V respectively, and supports QNAP vSphere Client plug-in and QNAP SMI-S provider with enhanced efficiency of operations and management in virtualization applications.
Run multiple OS on the TS-EC2480U-RP
The Virtualization Station transforms the TS-EC2480U-RP into a 2-in-a-box NAS that can function as an all-in-one NAS and a virtualization platform supporting multiple operating systems, fast virtual machine creation, virtual machine import/export, snapshot, and enables desktop operations on web browser. With the easy-to-use interface, you can centrally manage all virtual machines created on the TS-EC2480U-RP with least efforts. Furthermore, you can download VMs on demand from the online VM markets and import them to TS-EC2480U-RP to use directly without any complex procedure.
Note: Pre-installed with 4GB RAM x1. You can upgrade the RAM to 32GB to run 8 virtual machines.
Highly-efficient storage solution for video editing
Digital film and video production produces volumes of data that require high performance RAID storage with sustainable throughput to balance with the demanding output of video editing. The TS-EC2480U-RP fulfills storage and video editing needs with a high speed 10GbE network interface. Digital videos can be quickly stored and edited on the TS-EC2480U-RP directly over the network.
File synchronization across multiple devices
The Qsync utility turns your TS-EC2480U-RP into a safe data center for file synchronization with large storage capacity. Any file uploaded to the TS-EC2480U-RP will be made available for all linked devices, such as computers, laptops or mobile devices. Qsync is especially useful for frequent travelers to manage files and always have the most updated files on different devices. Qsync provides multiple ways of file synchronization and group file sharing, greatly enhancing the flexibility of collaboration.
Comprehensive surveillance solution with 24/7 security
The TS-EC2480U-RP Surveillance Station is a professional surveillance solution with a wide range of over 2,600 compatible IP camera models and expandable IP camera channel licenses. It supports real-time monitoring, video and audio recording and playback with flexible options to customize. You can also install the Vmobile app on your iOS or Android mobile devices to manage the monitoring channels anytime and anywhere, and safeguard your office environment.
Additional SMB-ready features
The TS-EC2480U-RP supports various business applications as an all-in-one Turbo NAS with cost-efficiency.
FTP Server
The Turbo NAS supports FTP server to share large size files, coming with user-defined settings including bandwidth limitation, number of connections, and write-only permission.
Web Server
The Turbo NAS supports Web server which allows numerous websites built on the same server conveniently. Administrators can manage up to 32 websites on the single one Turbo NAS with reduced IT cost.
RADIUS Server
The Turbo NAS supports RADIUS server which provides centralized authorization management for computers to connect and use a network service.
VPN Server
The Turbo NAS supports VPN server which provides an easy way for IT administrators to build up a secure private network and allows the staff to log on from outside the office and access business resources securely such as files and Internet connections.
Printer Server
The Turbo NAS supports Printer server to send remote printing request over the Internet (max. 3 USB printers), and supports IPP (Internet Printing Protocol), Samba, print job management and Bonjour printing for Mac OS X.
Surveillance Station
The Turbo NAS supports Surveillance Station to connect and manage multiple IP cameras remotely, including real-time monitoring, video recording, playback, and event notifications.
Install-on-demand apps extend NAS features
The TS-EC2480U-RP has built in App Center providing various install-on-demand apps developed by QNAP and third-party developers, including backup/sync, business, content management, communications, download, entertainment, and so on. Its also a central place to manage and update installed apps. Besides, QNAPs development platform brings forth the open-source spirit to welcome program developers to develop various applications, adding values to the TS-EC2480U-RP for extensive opportunities.
Specifications
Software Spec.
Operating System |
QTS 4.1 (embedded Linux) |
|
Disk Management |
- QNAP Flexible volume
- Thin-provisioning with space reclamation supported
- Online Volume Expansion
- Online Storage Pool Expansion (via QNAP RAID expansion enclosure)
- Single Disk, JBOD, RAID 0, 1, 5, 6, 10
- RAID Hot Spare and Global Hot Spare
- Online RAID Capacity Expansion and Online RAID Level Migration
- Bad Block Scan and Hard Drive S.M.A.R.T.
- Bad Block Recovery
- RAID Recovery
- Bitmap Support
|
|
Supported Clients |
- Windows Server 2003 onward, Apple Mac OS X onward, Linux & UNIX
|
|
Power Management |
- Wake on LAN*
- Internal Hard Drive Standby Mode
- Scheduled Power on/off
- Automatic Power on after Power Recovery
- USB and Network UPS Support with SNMP Management
|
|
Supported Browsers |
- Microsoft Internet Explorer 10+
- Mozilla Firefox 8+
- Apple Safari 4+
- Google Chrome
|
|
Access Right Management |
- Batch Users Creation
- Import/Export Users
- User Quota Management
- Local User Access Control for CIFS, AFP, FTP, and WebDAV,
- Subfolder Permissions Support for CIFS/SMB, AFP, FTP, and Web File Manager
|
|
Multilingual Support |
- Chinese (Traditional & Simplified), Czech, Danish, Dutch, English, Finnish, French, German, Greek, Hungarian, Italian, Japanese, Korean, Norwegian, Polish, Portuguese (Brazil), Romanian, Russian, Spanish, Swedish, Thai, Turkish
|
|
Domain Authentication Integration |
- Microsoft Active Directory (AD)
- LDAP Server
- LDAP Client
- Domain Users Login via CIFS/SMB, AFP, FTP, and File Station
|
|
File System |
- Internal Hard Drive: EXT4
- External Hard Drive: EXT3, EXT4, NTFS, FAT32, HFS+
|
|
Web Administration |
- Multi-window, Multi-tasking based System Management
- Movable Icons and Personalized Desktop
- Smart Toolbar and Dashboard for Neat Display on System Status
- Smart Fan Control
- Dynamic DNS (DDNS)
- SNMP (v2 & v3)
- Resource Monitor
- Network Recycle Bin for File Deletion via CIFS/SMB and AFP
- Automatic Cleanup
- File Type Filter
- Comprehensive Logs (Events & Connection)
- Syslog Client
- Firmware Live Update
- System Settings Backup and Restore
- Restore to Factory Default
- Mobile App Qmanager for Remote Monitoring
|
|
Networking |
- TCP/IP (IPv4 & IPv6: Dual Stack)
- Quad Gigabit NICs with Jumbo Frame*
- Failover
- Multi-IP Settings
- Port Trunking/NIC Teaming (Modes: Balance-RR, Active Backup, Balance XOR, Broadcast, IEEE 802.3ad/Link Aggregation, Balance-TLB and Balance-ALB)
- Optional Dual-port 10 GbE and 1 GbE Network Expansion Cards*
- Service Binding Based on Network Interfaces*
- Proxy Client, Proxy Server
- DHCP Client, DHCP Server
- Protocols: CIFS/SMB, AFP (v3.3), NFS (v3), FTP, FTPS, SFTP, TFTP, HTTP(S), Telnet, SSH, iSCSI, SNMP, SMTP, and SMSC
- UPnP & Bonjour Discovery
- USB Wi-Fi Adapter Support
|
|
File Server |
- File Sharing across Windows, Mac, and Linux/UNIX
- Protocols: CIFS/SMB, AFP, NFS, FTP/FTPS, HTTP/HTTPS (Web File Manager), WebDAV
- Windows ACL
- Advanced Folder Permission for CIFS/SMB, AFP, FTP
- Shared Folder Aggregation (CIFS/SMB)
|
|
Security |
- IP Filter & Policy-based Automatic IP Blocking
- Network Access Protection with Auto-blocking: SSH, Telnet, HTTP(S), FTP, CIFS/SMB, AFP
- Encrypted Access: HTTPS, FTP with SSL/ TLS (Explicit), SSH/SFTP (admin only), Encrypted Remote Replication (Rsync over SSH)
- CIFS Host Access Control for Shared Folders
- Antivirus Protection
- FIPS 140-2 Validated AES 256-bit Volume-based Data Encryption**
- AES 256-bit External Drive Encryption*
- Importable SSL Certificate
- Instant Alert via E-mail, SMS, Beep, and LCD Panel*
|
|
File Station |
- Supports ISO Mounting (Up to 256 ISO Files)
- Creates and Sends Download Links for Sharing Public Files with Expiration Time and Password Protection
- Drag-n-drop Files via Chrome and Firefox Browsers
- Photo, Music, and Video Preview and Playback Empowered by Built-in Transcoding Technology
- File Compression (ZIP or 7z)
- Advanced Search
- Mobile App: Qfile for File Browsing and Management
|
|
Powerful All-in-one server |
FTP Server |
- FTP over SSL/TLS (Explicit)
- Concurrent Connections: Max 256
- Passive FTP Port Range Control
- FTP Bandwidth & Connection Control
- Supports FXP & Unicode
|
|
Syslog Server |
- Centralized Log Monitoring and Archiving
- Immediate Email Alerts
- Supports Log Filtering
|
|
Backup Station |
- Remote Replication Server (over Rsync)
- Real-time Remote Replication (RTRR) to another QNAP NAS or FTP Server
- Works as Both RTRR Server & Client with Bandwidth Control
- Real-time & Scheduled Backup
- Encryption, Compression, File Filter, and Transfer Rate Limitation
- Encrypted Replication between QNAP NAS Servers
- Desktop Backup by QNAP NetBak Replicator for Windows
- Apple Time Machine Support with Backup Management
- Data Backup to Multiple External Storage Devices
- Synchronizes with Cloud Storage: Amazon S3, ElephantDrive, Symform, Dropbox, and Google Cloud Storage
- Third Party Backup Software Support: Veeam Backup & Replication, Acronis True
- Image, ARCserve Backup, EMC Retrospect, Symantec Backup Exec, LaCie SilverKeeper, etc.
|
|
Print Server |
- Max No. of Printers: 3
- Supports Internet Printing Protocol
- Print Job Display and Management
- IP-based and Domain Name-based Privilege Control
- Supports Apple Bonjour Printing
|
|
iSCSI (IP SAN) |
- iSCSI Target
- Multi-LUNs per Target
- Up to 256 Targets/LUNs Combined
- Supports LUN Mapping & Masking
- Block-based LUN
- Thin-provisioned LUN with Space Reclamation supported
- Online LUN Capacity Expansion
- Supports SPC-3 Persistent Reservation
- Supports MPIO & MC/S
- iSCSI LUN Backup, One-time Snapshot, and Restore
- iSCSI Connection and Management by QNAP Finder (Windows)
- Virtual Disk Drive (via iSCSI Initiator)
- Stack Chaining Master
- Max No. of Virtual Disk Drives: 8
|
|
Database Server |
- Built-in MySQL Server
- Web-based Management via phpMyAdmin
|
|
Server Virtualization & Clustering |
- VMware vSphere (ESX/ESXi 4.x, 5.x)
- VMware VAAI for iSCSI and VAAI for NAS
- vSphere Plug-in
- Citrix XenServer (6.0)
- Windows Server 2012 Hyper-V
- Supports Microsoft ODX
- QNAP SMI-S provider for Microsoft SCVMM
- Windows Server 2012 Failover Clustering
|
|
RADIUS Server |
- Centralized Account Management and Authentication for Network Access
- Supports 802.1x Security Authentication
- TFTP Server with PXE Booting (Read-only)
|
|
Virtualization Station |
- Support up to 8 Virtual Machine (32GB RAM is required) creating to run an operating system such as Windows, Linux, Unix.
- VM import from Virtual Appliances
- VM export into a virtual appliance in OVF / QVM format
- VM clone
- VM snapshot
- HTML5 based shared remote console
|
|
VPN Server |
- Secure Remote Access: PPTP & OpenVPN VPN services
- Remote Access to Other Resources on Local Network
- Max No. of Clients: 30
|
|
Storage Plug & Connect via Windows Qfinder by QNAP |
- Create and Map Shared Folders
- Create and Connect to iSCSI Target/LUN
|
|
Surveillance Station |
- Supports over 1,400 IP Cameras
- Includes 8 Free Camera License
- Up to 80 Camera Channels via Additional License Purchase*
- Intelligent Video Analytics (IVA) for Advanced Video Search
- Visual Aid by E-map
- Surveillance Client for Mac
- Mobile App: Vmobile (iOS and Android)
|
|
myQNAPcloud Service |
- Private Cloud Storage and Sharing
- Free Host Name Registration (DDNS)
- Auto Router Configuration (via UPnP)
- CloudLink for Remote Access without Complicated Router Setup
- myQNAPcloud Connect for Easy VPN Connection (Windows VPN Utility)
|
|
Antivirus |
- Supports ClamAV (free) and McAfee (optional purchase ) virus scanner.
- Protection against Viruses, Trojans, and Other Threats
- Free Virus Databases Update on Manual or Scheduled Basis
- Multiple Scan Tasks (Max: 64, Concurrent: 5) with Custom Folder Selection and Scheduled Scanning
- Email Notification upon Task Completion or Virus Detection
- Quarantines or Deletes Infected Files
|
|
Qsync |
- Syncs Files among Multiple Devices through the NAS
- Option for Not Removing Files on the NAS during Synchronization
- Selective Synchronization
- Shares Securely with SSL
- Team Folder
- Shares Files by Links via E-mail
- Uploads Photos or Videos to Qsync Folder Automatically via Qfile
- Restores Files from Network Recycle Bin
- File Name Conflict Policy
- Option for Filter Settings
- Privilege Control for Qsync Users
- Supports Windows & Mac OS
|
|
APP Center |
Add New Features by Online Installation of over 90 Official and Community Software |
|
Web Server |
- HTTP/HTTPS Connections
- Built-in MySQL Server
- Web-based Management via phpMyAdmin (QPKG)
- Virtual Hosts: Max 32
|
|
Add-ons |
(The actual available software add-ons may vary depending on the NAS platform) |
|
* This feature may vary according to different models. **The data encryption functions may not available in accordance with the legislative restrictions of some countries.
Design and specifications are subject to change without notice.
|
Hardware Spec.
CPU |
Intel Xeon E3-1200 v3 Family 3.4 GHz Quad Core Processor |
Memory |
System memory: 4 GB DDR3 ECC RAM Memory module pre-installed: 4 GB x1 Total memory slots: 4 Memory expandable up to: 32 GB (8GB x4)
Note:
- When upgrading RAM to more than 28GB, the original 4GB RAM modules must be removed.
- For the information of RAM module installation and compatible NAS models, please refer to the QNAP RAM Module Installation Guide
|
Flash Memory |
512MB DOM |
Internal Cache Port |
Two mSATA port on board for read caching Note: The standard system is shipped without mSATA flash. For the optional mSATA flash, please visit https://shop.qnap.com/
|
Hard Drive |
24 x 3.5-inch SATA 6Gbps/3Gbps hard drive or 2.5-inch SATA, 6Gbps/3Gbps hard drive SSD hard drive NOTE:
- The standard system is shipped without hard drives.
- For the hard drive compatibility list, please visit Compatibility list
|
Hard Drive Tray |
24 x hot-swappable and lockable tray |
LAN Port |
4 x Gigabit RJ-45 Ethernet port (Expandable up to 8 x 1 Gb LAN or 4 x 10 Gb + 4 x 1 Gb LAN by installing optional dual-port 10 Gb and 1 Gb network card) Note: 1. For the optional network card compatibility list, please visit Compatibility list of Expansion Card 2. For the information of network card installation, please refer to chapter 6 in the Turbo NAS Hardware Manual.
|
LED Indicators |
Status, 10 GbE, LAN, eSATA, storage expansion port status |
USB |
4x USB 3.0 port (rear) 4x USB 2.0 port (rear) Support USB printer, pen drive, USB hub, and USB UPS etc.
|
Buttons |
System: Power button and reset button |
Alarm Buzzer |
System warning |
Form Factor |
4U, Rackmount |
Dimensions |
176.15(H) x 442.5(W) x 530.5(D) mm 6.94(H) x 17.42(W) x 20.89(D) inch |
Weight |
Net weight (NAS only) : 23.08 kg/50.88 lb Gross weight (with packing and accessories) : 28.56 kg/ 62.96 lb |
Sound Level (dB) |
Sound Level (dB) Sound pressure (LpAm) (bystander position): 48.3 dB (with 24 x HITACHI HUS724020ALA640 hard drive installed) |
Power Consumption (W) |
Sleep mode: 129.43 In Operation: 263.81 W (with 24 x HITACHI HUS724020ALA640 hard drive installed) |
Temperature |
0-40C |
Relative Humidity |
5~95% non-condensing, wet bulb: 27C. |
Power Supply |
Input: 50-60 Hz 100-127V~/ 8.5A 200-240V/ 4.2A Output: 650W |
PCIe Slot |
2 (1* PCIe Gen3 x8, 1* PCIe Gen3 x4) |
Fan |
4 x 8 cm smart cooling fan |
1. |
Power Button |
5. |
Gigabit LAN x 4 |
2. |
LED Indicators: 10 GbE, Status, LAN, Storage Expansion Port Status |
6. |
USB 3.0 Port x 4 |
3. |
Password & Network Settings Reset Button |
7. |
Left slot: PCIe Gen.3 x 8 Right slot: PCIe Gen.3 x 4 (This PCIe slot is an open-edge design. It can be used with a Gen.3 x 8 card.) |
4. |
USB 2.0 Port x 4 |
8. |
Power Connector |
|